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Diseases
Fill in the Blank
When you have a disease, your normal body functions are disrupted.
A noninfectious disease is a disease such as cancers and heart disease that does not spread between one person to the next.
An infectious disease is one that can be passed from one living thing to another. They are caused by agents called pathogens, such as a virus.
Short Answer
What happens in the genetic disorder disease called Hemophilia?
A person’s blood does not clot properly
What are viruses?
Tiny, noncellular particles that depend on living things to reproduce
Which bacteria can cause strep throat?
Streptococcus
True or False
Pathogens can’t travel through the air. False
Humans can get a fungus called ringworm from handling an infected dog or cat. True
Ticks may carry bacteria that cause Lyme disease or Rock Mountain Spotted Fever. True
Microorganisms cannot make you sick, but rather help you when water you drink becomes infected. False
Leaving food out of the refrigerator when it is supposed to be cold can help decrease bacteria by burning them. False
Select the letter containing the most appropriate answer
The ability to resist or to recover from an infectious disease is
Vaccination Reaction
Cellular Respiration
Immunity
Pasteurization
Ultraviolet Radiation can be used to
Prevent the spread of pathogens
Prevent the spread of immunity
Increase the spread of Pathogens
None of the above
During the mid-1800s, a French scientist, discovered microorganisms affected the quality of wine, who was the scientist?
Louis Pasteur
Charles Darwin
Edward Jenner
Terrel Shepherd
What are microorganisms?
Antiviral medicines
Bacteria
Immunity Spreading Vaccinations
Vaccines
What can be used to kill bacteria in wine?
Chilled Storage
Pathogens
Bacteria
Heat
The method of removing bacteria from wine is known as what?
Pasteurization
Immunity
Antibiotic
T cells
What disease did Edward Jenner study?
Flu
Infectious Disease
Smallpox
Largepox
People who have been infected with cowpox are immune to which disease?
Flu
Infectious Disease
Small Pox
Largepox
What is a substance that helps your body develop immunity to a disease?
Vaccine
Pathogen
Bacteria
Pasteurization
What is a substance that can kill bacteria or slow the growth of bacteria?
Vaccine
Pathogen
Bacteria
Antibiotic
True or False
All viruses can be destroyed or killed with antibiotics
False
Vaccines contain treated pathogens
True
Antibiotics can kill both living and nonliving organisms
False
For a pathogen to harm you, it must attack a part of your body
True
Most pathogens around you make it past your first line of defense
False
Short Answer
What destroy by many organisms that try to enter your eyes or mouth?
Enzymes
Pathogens that enter your nose are washed down the back of your throat by what?
Mucus
What happens to the pathogens that enter your stomach?
They are digested
Your skin is made of many layers of what?
Flat Cells
What does oil on your skin do?
It contains chemicals that kill many pathogens
Order the steps of your first line of defense process, 1 being the first step, 4 being the last.
2 Blood flow to the injured area increases
1 Skin is cut or punctured, allowing pathogens to enter body
3 Body acts quickly to keep out as many pathogens as possible
4 Cell parts in the body called platelets help seal the open wound so no more pathogens can enter
Give the word the definition describes
The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body Immune System
A cell that engulfs pathogens and other materials Macrophage
A cell that coordinates the immune system and attacks many infected cells T cell
A white blood cell that makes antibodies B cell
A protein made by B cells that binds to a specific antigen Antibody
Fill in the blank for the steps of your body’s defense
When virus particles invade the body, some of the particles are engulfed by macrophages
Other virus particles infect body cells.
Macrophages that have engulfed virus particles, infected body cells, and virus particles all display viral antigens.
Helper T cells have receptor proteins that recognize the shape of the viral antigen on the macrophages.
These helper T cells begin two responses: a helper T cell response and a B cell response.
Helper T cells activate killer T cells.
Killer T cells recognize the viral antigen on infected cells.
The killer T cells destroy the infected cells so that the virus particles inside the cell cannot replicate.
Meanwhile, helper T also activate B cells
Activated B cells divide to make cells that can make antibodies.
The antibodies recognize the shape of the viral antigen.
Antibodies bind to the viral antigen on the viruses.
The antibodies bound to the viruses cause the viruses to clump together.
Clumping marks the virus particles for destruction.
Short Answer
When macrophages activate the helper T cells, they send a chemical signal that tells your brain to turn up the temperature. When this happens, what do you get? A fever
Your immune system can respond to a second encounter faster than it can respond the first time. Which type of cell allows this? Memory Cells
What is an autoimmune disease? A disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own cell
Fill in the Blank
When you have a disease, your normal body functions are disrupted.
A noninfectious disease is a disease such as cancers and heart disease that does not spread between one person to the next.
An infectious disease is one that can be passed from one living thing to another. They are caused by agents called pathogens, such as a virus.
Short Answer
What happens in the genetic disorder disease called Hemophilia?
A person’s blood does not clot properly
What are viruses?
Tiny, noncellular particles that depend on living things to reproduce
Which bacteria can cause strep throat?
Streptococcus
True or False
Pathogens can’t travel through the air. False
Humans can get a fungus called ringworm from handling an infected dog or cat. True
Ticks may carry bacteria that cause Lyme disease or Rock Mountain Spotted Fever. True
Microorganisms cannot make you sick, but rather help you when water you drink becomes infected. False
Leaving food out of the refrigerator when it is supposed to be cold can help decrease bacteria by burning them. False
Select the letter containing the most appropriate answer
The ability to resist or to recover from an infectious disease is
Vaccination Reaction
Cellular Respiration
Immunity
Pasteurization
Ultraviolet Radiation can be used to
Prevent the spread of pathogens
Prevent the spread of immunity
Increase the spread of Pathogens
None of the above
During the mid-1800s, a French scientist, discovered microorganisms affected the quality of wine, who was the scientist?
Louis Pasteur
Charles Darwin
Edward Jenner
Terrel Shepherd
What are microorganisms?
Antiviral medicines
Bacteria
Immunity Spreading Vaccinations
Vaccines
What can be used to kill bacteria in wine?
Chilled Storage
Pathogens
Bacteria
Heat
The method of removing bacteria from wine is known as what?
Pasteurization
Immunity
Antibiotic
T cells
What disease did Edward Jenner study?
Flu
Infectious Disease
Smallpox
Largepox
People who have been infected with cowpox are immune to which disease?
Flu
Infectious Disease
Small Pox
Largepox
What is a substance that helps your body develop immunity to a disease?
Vaccine
Pathogen
Bacteria
Pasteurization
What is a substance that can kill bacteria or slow the growth of bacteria?
Vaccine
Pathogen
Bacteria
Antibiotic
True or False
All viruses can be destroyed or killed with antibiotics
False
Vaccines contain treated pathogens
True
Antibiotics can kill both living and nonliving organisms
False
For a pathogen to harm you, it must attack a part of your body
True
Most pathogens around you make it past your first line of defense
False
Short Answer
What destroy by many organisms that try to enter your eyes or mouth?
Enzymes
Pathogens that enter your nose are washed down the back of your throat by what?
Mucus
What happens to the pathogens that enter your stomach?
They are digested
Your skin is made of many layers of what?
Flat Cells
What does oil on your skin do?
It contains chemicals that kill many pathogens
Order the steps of your first line of defense process, 1 being the first step, 4 being the last.
2 Blood flow to the injured area increases
1 Skin is cut or punctured, allowing pathogens to enter body
3 Body acts quickly to keep out as many pathogens as possible
4 Cell parts in the body called platelets help seal the open wound so no more pathogens can enter
Give the word the definition describes
The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body Immune System
A cell that engulfs pathogens and other materials Macrophage
A cell that coordinates the immune system and attacks many infected cells T cell
A white blood cell that makes antibodies B cell
A protein made by B cells that binds to a specific antigen Antibody
Fill in the blank for the steps of your body’s defense
When virus particles invade the body, some of the particles are engulfed by macrophages
Other virus particles infect body cells.
Macrophages that have engulfed virus particles, infected body cells, and virus particles all display viral antigens.
Helper T cells have receptor proteins that recognize the shape of the viral antigen on the macrophages.
These helper T cells begin two responses: a helper T cell response and a B cell response.
Helper T cells activate killer T cells.
Killer T cells recognize the viral antigen on infected cells.
The killer T cells destroy the infected cells so that the virus particles inside the cell cannot replicate.
Meanwhile, helper T also activate B cells
Activated B cells divide to make cells that can make antibodies.
The antibodies recognize the shape of the viral antigen.
Antibodies bind to the viral antigen on the viruses.
The antibodies bound to the viruses cause the viruses to clump together.
Clumping marks the virus particles for destruction.
Short Answer
When macrophages activate the helper T cells, they send a chemical signal that tells your brain to turn up the temperature. When this happens, what do you get? A fever
Your immune system can respond to a second encounter faster than it can respond the first time. Which type of cell allows this? Memory Cells
What is an autoimmune disease? A disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own cell